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The Supreme Court has sent the Ayodhya Ram Janmabhoomi-Babri Masjid dispute to mediate. The process of arbitration will be initiated within a week. The Supreme Court has constituted a panel of three members for mediation, which will be headed by Justice Khalifullah. Apart from this, Sri Sri Ravi Shankar and Shriram Panchu are also included in the panel. The Supreme Court has said that the matter should not be reported. Courts have said that the three-member arbitration panel will have to submit their initial report in 4 weeks and submit its full report to the court in 8 weeks. Action will be in Faizabad (Ayodhya) and it will be confidential. On March 06, 2019, the Supreme Court reserved the judgment on this matter.

Along with this, a 5-member bench of the court asked the parties to suggest names for arbitration after hearing the arguments of all parties. In the previous hearing before the bench of five judges headed by Chief Justice Ranjan Gogoi, Solicitor General Tushar Mehta had said that it would not be right and prudent. Hindu parties including Uttar Pradesh also opposed the court's resolution. Senior advocate CS Vaidyanathan, appearing for Ram Lala, had also opposed the arbitration and told the Supreme Court that the birthplace of Lord Ram is a matter of belief and faith and they can not move forward in anti-mediated opinion in arbitration.

Under the chairmanship of Chief Justice Ranjan Gogoi, the Supreme Court's five judges Constitutional Bench is hearing the Ayodhya case. In the constitutional bench hearing the case, besides CJI Ranjan Gogoi, Justice SA Bobde, Justice Dhananjay Y Chandrachud, Justice Ashok Bhushan and Justice S Abdul Nazir are also involved. During the hearing, Justice Bobde has said that in this case a panel should be formed for arbitration.

Earlier, during the hearing on February 26, 2018, the Supreme Court had agreed to resolve the dispute through mediator in its monitoring. The court had said that one percent is also expected, then there should be an attempt to resolve the matter through the arbitrator.

Mediation

Arbitration is an alternative dispute resolution process in which the parties, through the intervention of a third person, and without resorting to the court, settle their disputes. This is a method in which the dispute is placed in front of a nominated person, who after hearing both sides decides the matter in a semi-judicial way. The solution is the cordial settlement of disputes by the parties with the help of a solution resolver.

Earlier, on 27 September 2018, the three-member bench, headed by the then Chief Justice Deepak Mishra, sent the matter to a bench of five judges to consider fresh comments on the remarks made in a 1994 decision with a majority of 2-1 Had refused.

The hearing in the Supreme Court has also become important because Prime Minister Narendra Modi had said on 01 January 2019 that the question of decision about the ordinance will be raised only after the judicial process is completed in the case of Ram temple in Ayodhya.

About case

• Ismail Farooqi challenged land acquisition in Ayodhya, on which the apex court had said that reading Namaz is not an essential part of the mosque.
• The Muslim community did not agree with this and they wanted the Supreme Court to consider its decision again.
• The Supreme Court had argued on behalf of Muslim parties that the namaz case should be decided early in the mosque.
• The Muslim community also wanted that the 1994 judgment before the main case be heard. Decision on Ayodhya land dispute will be based on facts.
• The Supreme Court reserved the judgment on July 20 on the issue.Simultaneously, it was instructed to maintain status quo in Ram Janmabhoomi so that people of Hinduism could worship there.

It is noteworthy that the Hindu Mahasabha and Sunni Central Waqf Board had filed a petition in the Supreme Court against the judgment given in 2010 in the Allahabad High Court. Earlier, the case was hearing Chief Justice Deepak Mishra, Justice Ashok Bhushan and Justice Abdul Nazir.

Case History of Ayodhya Dispute

• 1949: Idols of Lord Rama was seen in Babri Masjid. The government has declared the premises disputed and closed the door of temple.
• 1950: The petition was filed in Faizabad court and demanded to perform the worship inside the mosque.
• 1959: Nirmohi Akhada filed a petition demanding control of the mosque.
• 1961: Sunni Waqf Board's petition, seeking the removal of statues from the mosque
• 1984: VHP launches campaign of mass support for Ram temple.
• 1986: Faizabad Court ordered the opening of the mosque to worship the Hindus.
• 1989: Rajiv Gandhi allowed the Vishwa Hindu Parishad to perform near puja of the disputed site.
• 1992: Kar sewaks dropped the Babri Masjid and built a temporary temple.
• 2003: Allahabad High Court orders ASI to dig the disputed site.
• 2010: Allahabad High Court orders division of disputed land in three parts; different parties challenge the High Court verdict in the Supreme Court.
• 2011: The Supreme Court banning Allahabad High Court judgment said that during the hearing, the High Court's decision will be stayed on implementation. Also, the status quo will be restored on January 7, 1993 at the disputed site.
• 2016: Subramaniam Swamy filed a petition in the Supreme Court on the construction of Ram Temple on the disputed land.
• 2017: Supreme Court Chief Justice JS Khehar said that the Ayodhya dispute case should be sorted out by mutual negotiation. The Supreme Court constituted the Bench of three judges to hear the petition challenging the Allahabad High Court's Ismail Farooqui verdict in 1994.
• 2018: Supreme Court refuses to reconsider the decision of the Ram Janmabhoomi-Babri Masjid-based 1994 issue.

Let us know that before this, the hearing of this case was on the bench of three judges led by then Chief Justice Deepak Mishra. Prior to retirement, Chief Justice Deepak Mishra's Bench had said in a decision on this matter that the matter is a land dispute and it will not be referred to the Constitutional Bench.